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ZilaStar ICT Dec 8 2018, 10:08:47

How to disable auto update in Windows 10

Some of us may face the problems that the windows is getting updated while we are doing urgent jobs. Or the windows is getting updated while we prepare to go back home at the time when the office is closed and the power is going to be shut down. To stop that kind of problem, we should disable auto update in windows.

To disable auto update in windows by command line


1. Run command prompt as administrator

2. Type net stop wuauserv in the command prompt and press enter

3. Type net stop bits and press enter

4. Type net stop dosvc and press enter
 

To disable auto update in windows by Task Manager


1. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del together. Task manager box will be appeared.

2. Click service tab and then click open service again at the below left corner of the Windows.

3. Double click windows update and properties box will be appeared.

4. Choose Disabled / Manual in the start type and click apply and ok.

5. Do the same as the steps 3 and 4 in both of Background Intelligent Transfer Service and Delivery Optimization.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 18:51:45

Creating Shortcut Button for Shutdown in Windows

Sometimes we want to shut down computer in easy and fast way without finding the shutdown button. For that, the following is the way to create shutdown shortcut button on the windows desktop.

1. Press right click on the desktop.

2. Click New and then click shortcut again.

3. Type shutdown -s -t 0 in the box.

4. Click Next.

5. Click Finish.

Now, you can do shutdown your computer by pressing this shortcut.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 16:55:07

English Myanmar Dictionary

This is a good English-Myanmar dictionary. Please click here to download.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 16:37:07

Myanmar font and keyboard for Windows

1. Zawgyi 

Please click here to download Zawgyi font only.

 

2. Pyidaungsu (unicode)

Please click here to download Pyidaungsu keyboard and font.

 

3. Myanmar fonts collection

Please click here to download Myanmar fonts collection.


4. Pyidaungsu Keyboard Layout

Please click here to download Pyidaungsu Keyboard Layout


https://zilastar.com/assets/images/upload/3577433762.jpg

Please look at the following video to install and use Myanmar Keyboard and Fonts


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 16:15:16

Partition Manager Software

You can manage the partitions in your computer by using this software. This software is totally cool to use. If you want to download it, please click here.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 15:49:59

Shweyoe Dictionary

Shweyoe Dictionary (English, Russia, Korea, Japan, Thai to Myanmar). Please click here to download.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 15:36:07

Screenshot Software for Windows and Mac

Lightshot is one of open source screenshot software for Windows and Mac. In this software, you can save as jpg, png, etc...,. And you can also edit and make remarks. If you want to download it, please click here.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 11:28:37

Myanmar Font for Viber in PC

Please click here to download Myanmar Font for Viber. And then, follow the below instructions:
1. Press Windows and R keys together
2. Type fonts in the run box.
3. Copy and paste Myanmar Font you've downloaded.
4. Then restart your computer.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 2 2018, 10:40:29

Cisco Certifications

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cisco certifications are one of the famous certifications in networking field.

This is all bout Cisco Certifications for brothers and sisters who are trying to take Cisco exams. If you want to learn, click here.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 1 2018, 15:22:30

Calculating IP Address Version (4)

There are four octet in IPV4. Each octet has 8 bits. So, there are 32 bits in IPV4. IPV4 is based on binary (0, 1) and decimal (0 to 9).

First OctetSecond OctetThird OctetFourth Octet
8 bits8 bits8 bits8 bits
2726252423222120   2726252423222120   2726252423222120   2726252423222120
255.255.255.255255.255.255.255255.255.255.255255.255.255.255


How to become 255.255.255.255 ? As each octet has 8 bit and is based on binary.... 27 = 128,  26 = 64,  25 = 32, 24 = 16,  23 = 8,  22 = 4, 21 = 2,  20 = 1 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 255




Decimal




=

Binary

1st Octet
2nd Octet
3rd Octet
4th Octet
       
1st Octet
2nd Octet
3rd Octet

4th Octet

192.168.1.0
 
11000000.10101000.00000001
.00000000


Let's explore 192.168.1.0/24.... Network Address = 192.168.1.0 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.255

Let's explore 192.168.1.0/25.... 1nd Network Address = 192.168.1.0 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.128 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.126 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.127 2nd Network Address = 192.168.1.128 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.128 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.255

Let's explore 192.168.1.0/26... 1st Network Address = 192.168.1.0 Subnet Mask = 192.168.1.192 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.62 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.63 2nd Network Address = 192.168.1.64 Subnet Mask = 192.168.1.192 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.65 to 192.168.1.126 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.127 3rd Network Address = 192.168.1.128 Subnet Mask = 192.168.1.192 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.190 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.191 4th Network Address = 192.168.1.192 Subnet Mask = 192.168.1.192 Usable IP Addresses = 192.168.1.193 to 192.168.1.254 Broadcast Address = 192.168.1.255 (Note: The Subnet Mask is reverse proportional to host range. The larger the subnet mask, the smaller the host range.)

The following table is formula for Ipv4 addresses (Class C). I've made it when I was in Singapore Polytechnic.

Binary   Decimal    PrefixSubnet Mask   Count of Networks    Usable IP Range
--/24 255.255.255.01254
27128/25   255.255.255.1282126
2664/26   255.255.255.192462
2532/27   255.255.255.224830
2416/28   255.255.255.2401614
238/29   255.255.255.248326
224/30   255.255.255.252642


ZilaStar ICT Dec 1 2018, 14:44:31

About IP Address

The networking devices need IP addresses to communicate with each other on the network. There are two types of IP addresses versions: IP Version 4 (IPv4) and IP Version 6 (IPv6).

IPv4 Address
              In IPv4 address, the host can communicate in one of three different ways:

Unicast: The process of sending a packet from one host to an individual hos

Broadcast: The process of sending a packet from one host to all hosts in the network

Multicast: The process of sending a packet form one host to selected group of hosts

               In IPv4, the network range is defined by the followings:

Network address: A special network that refers to the network

Subnet Mask   The subnet mask is a 32-bit values used with IPv4 address that specifies the network portion of the address to the network device. The subnet mask uses 1s and 0s to indicate which bits of the IPv4 address are network bits and which bits are hosts bits.

Host address: The unicast address assigned to the end device in the network

Broadcast address: A special address used to send data to the all hosts in the network


For Example,

     Network               Network Address        Subnet Mask                Host Range                      Broadcast Address

192.168.1.0/24            192.168.1.0              255.255.255.0             192.168.1.1 to 254                192.168.1.255

192.168.2.0/25            192.168.2.0              255.255.255.128           192.168.2.1 to 126               192.168.2.127


IPv4 Network Classes

Address Classes      First Octet Range         Prefix and Mask            Number of Possible Networks          Number of Hosts
                                                                                            
    A                  1 to 127                /8    255.0.0.0                  126                                16,777,217  

    B                  128 to 191              /16   255.255.0.0              16,382                                 65,534

    C                  192 to 223             /24   255.255.255.0            2,097,159                                254




 IPv4 Public and Private Addresses
                Although most IPv4 addresses are public addresses designated for use in networks that are accessible on the Internet, there are blocks of addresses used in network that are not accessible on the Internet. These addresses are called private addresses.


The private address blocks are:

Class A       10.0.0.0/8             (10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255)

Class B       172.16.0.0/12       (172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255)

Class C      192.168.0.0/16      (192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255)


Multicast Addresses       224.0.0.0/4 (224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255)
                The multicast transmission is designed to conserve the bandwidth of IPv4 network. It reduces the traffic by allowing a host to send a single packet to a selected set of hosts. To reach multiple destination hosts using unicast communication, a source host would need to send an individual packet addressed to each host. With multicast, the source host can send a single packet that can reach thousands of destination hosts.


Experimental Addresses    240.0.0.0/4 (240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254)
                 These addresses are reserved for future use. This suggests that they could be converted to usable addresses. Currently, these addresses are not usable in IPv4 network. However, these addresses are used for research.


 Default Route     0.0.0.0/8 (0.0.0.0 to 0.255.255.255).
                 The default route is “catch all” route to route packets when the specific route is not available.


Loopback Address           127.0.0.0/8 (127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255).
                 The loopback address is special address that hosts use to direct traffic to themselves.


Link-Local Addresses     169.254.0.0/16 (169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255)
                 These link-local addresses can be automatically assigned to the local host by the operating system in environment where no IP configuration is available.


Test-Net Addresses      192.0.2.0/24 (192.0.2.0 to 192.0.2.255)
                 The test-net-addresses are set aside for teaching and learning purpose.


ZilaStar ICT Dec 1 2018, 11:56:35

LAN and WAN

LAN (Local Area Network)
LAN is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building and has its network equipment and interconnects locally managed.

WAN (Wide Area Network)
WAN is the network that is interconnected by two or more LANs. WAN is not only defined by a larger geographic distance, but also generally defined by leased telecommunication circuits.


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